文学是对人生体验的文化表征。文学作品隐含对生活的思考、价值取向和特定的意识形态。阅读英美文学作品,是了解西方文化的一条重要途径,可以接触到支撑表层文化的深层文化,即西方文化中带根本性的思想观点、价值评判、西方人经常使用的视角,以及对这些视角的批评。
美国文学是对时代生活的审美表现,是美国人民创造性使用英语语言的产物。英语表意功能强,文体风格变化多,或高雅、或通俗、或含蓄、或明快、或婉约、或粗犷,其丰富的表现力和独特的魅力在英美作家的作品里得到了淋漓尽致的发挥。阅读优秀的美国文学作品,可以感受到英语音乐性的语调和五光十色的语汇,回味其“弦外之音”。通过文本的学习提高文学阅读、理解与鉴赏能力以及口头与书面表达等语言技能,并且通过大量阅读加强对文学本质的意识,提高综合人文素质,增强对西方文学及文化的理解。
《美国文学导读》是根据外语教学与研究出版社出版、吴伟仁教授主编的《美国文学史及选读》(第1、2册)而编写的学习指导用书。该书每章由美国文学各个时期背景知识、作家创作生涯、主要作品的概要和点评、代表作品艺术特色分析四个部分构成。该书
文学是对人生体验的文化表征。文学作品隐含对生活的思考、价值取向和特定的意识形态。阅读英美文学作品,是了解西方文化的一条重要途径,可以接触到支撑表层文化的深层文化,即西方文化中带根本性的思想观点、价值评判、西方人经常使用的视角,以及对这些视角的批评。
美国文学是对时代生活的审美表现,是美国人民创造性使用英语语言的产物。英语表意功能强,文体风格变化多,或高雅、或通俗、或含蓄、或明快、或婉约、或粗犷,其丰富的表现力和独特的魅力在英美作家的作品里得到了淋漓尽致的发挥。阅读优秀的美国文学作品,可以感受到英语音乐性的语调和五光十色的语汇,回味其“弦外之音”。通过文本的学习提高文学阅读、理解与鉴赏能力以及口头与书面表达等语言技能,并且通过大量阅读加强对文学本质的意识,提高综合人文素质,增强对西方文学及文化的理解。
本书为跨进美国文学殿堂的人们提供快捷的通道,使他们在较短的时间内了解美国文学的精华。通过阅读该书,学生不仅能了解和认识美国文学史上一些较有影响的作家的创作倾向、思想方法、在文学史上的地位和成就以及对本国文学乃至世界文学所产生的影
Chapter One The LIterature of ColonIal AmerIca
Ⅰ.Early AmerIcan and ColonIal PerIod to 1776
1.1 IntroductIon
1.2 The LIterature of ExploratIon
Ⅱ.The ColonIal PerIod In New England
2.1 John SmIth(1580——1631)
2.2 WIllIam Bradford ( 1590——1657 )
2.3 John WInthrop(1588——1649)
2.4 John Cotton(1585——1652)
2.5 Roger WIllIams(1606——1683)
2.6 Anne Bradstreet(1613——1672)
2.7 Edward Taylor(1644——1729)
Ⅲ.AmerIcan PurItanIsm
3.1 DefInItIons of PurItans
3.2 BasIc PurItan BelIefs
3.3 The FunctIon of PurItan WrIters
3.4 The Style of PurItan WrItIng and Common Themes
3.5 Reasons for PurItan LIterary DomInance over the VIrgInIans
Chapter Two The LIterature of Reason and RevolutIon
Ⅰ.The AmerIcan EnlIghtenment
Ⅱ.DemocratIc OrIgIns and RevolutIonary WrIters, 1776——1820
Ⅲ.BenjamIn FranklIn(1706——1790)
3.1 HIs LIfe and Works
3.2 The AutobIography : Part I, FIrst SectIon
3.3 CharacterIstIcs of HIs LIterary Works
Ⅳ.Thomas PaIne ( 1737——1809 )
4.1 HIs LIfe and Works
4.2 Common Sense
Ⅴ.Thomas Jefferson(1743——1826)
5.1 HIs LIfe and Works
5.2 The DeclaratIon of Independence
Ⅵ.PhIlIp Freneau(1752——1832)
6.1 HIs LIfe and Major Poems
6.2 The Nature Poems
Chapter Three The LIterature of RomantIcIsm
Ⅰ .The OrIgIn of RomantIc AmerIcan LIterature
Ⅱ.Its SocIal,HIstorIcal and Cultural Background
Ⅲ.The Important Concepts of AmerIcan RomantIc LIterature
Ⅳ.New England TranscendentalIsm
Ⅴ.WashIngton IrvIng(1783——1859)
5.1 HIs LIfe and Major Works
5.2 IrvIngs Great Indebtedness to European LIterature
5.3 RIp Van WInkle
5.4 The Legend of Sleepy Hollow
5.5 IrvIngs UnIque ContrIbutIon to AmerIcan LIterature
Ⅵ.James FenImore Cooper
6.1 HIs LIfe and Major Works
6.2 The Last of MohIcans
6.3 Themes of The Last of MohIcans
6.4 AnalysIs of Major Characters
6.5 Coopers TechnIque and Style
Ⅶ.WIllIam Cullen Bryant(1794——1878)
7.1 HIs LIfe and Major Works
7.2 ThanatopsIs
7.3 Bryant as a Poet
7.4 CommunIon wIth HIs \\\"Maker\\\"
Ⅷ.Edgar Allan Poe(1809——1849)
8.1 HIs LIfe and Major Works
8.2 Poe as a Critic and a Romancer
8.3 To Helen
8.4 The Raven
8.5 The Fall of the House of Usher
IX.Ralph Waldo Emerson(1803——1882)
9.1 His Life and Major Works
9.2 Emersonian Transeendentalism
9.3 Nature (Chapter One)
9.4 Self-Reliance
9.5 Style of Emersons Essays
X.Henry David Thoreau(1817——1862)
10.1 His Life and Major Works
10.2 Thoreaus Transcendentalism
10.3 Walden (Chapter Two)
10.4 Major Themes of Walden
XI.Nathaniel Hawthorne(1804——1864)
11.1 Hawthornes Life and Major Works
11.2 Hawthornes Thematic Concerns
11.3 The Scarlet Letter
11.4 Themes of This Novel
11.5 Analysis of Major Characters
11.6 The Structure and the Form of This Novel
11.7 Hawthornes Use of Symbolism
11.8 Young Goodman Brown
11.9 Hawthornes Writing Style
XI[.Herman Melville( 1819——1891 )
12.1 His Life and Major Works
12.2 Moby-Diek
12.3 Major Themes of Moby-Diek
12.4 Major Symbols of Moby-Dick
12.5 Analysis of Major Characters
XIII.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow(1807——1882)
13.1 His life and Major Works
13.2 Analysis of A Psalm of Life
13.3 Longfellows Poetic Gifts
Chapter Four The Literature of Realism
I.The Historical and Socio-Cultural Background of American Realism
1I.Walt Whitman
2.1 Whitmans Life and Major Works
2.2 Whitmans Democratic Ideals
2.3 Summary of Song of Myself
2.4 Analysis of Song of Myself
2.5 Overview of Beat ! Beat ! Drums !
2.6 Themes in Whitmans Leaves of Grass
2.7.Whitmans Poetic Style
2.8 Whitmans Language
III.Emily Dickinson(1830——1886)
3.1 Dickinsons Life and Major Works
3.2 I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died
3.3 Because I Could Not Stop for Death
3.4.I Died for Beauty——But Was Scarce
3.5.A Bird Came Down the Walk——
3.6.Subject of Dickinsons Poems
3.7 Original Artistic Features of Dickinsons Poetry
IV.Harriet B.Stowe (1812-1896)
4.1 Her Life and Major Works
4.2 Uncle Toms Cabin
4.3 Themes of This Novel
4.4 Symbols of This Novel
4.5 Analysis of Major Characters
V.Mark Twain (1835——1910)
5.1 Mark Twains Life and Major Works
5.2 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
5.3 Themes of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
5.4 Analysis of Major Characters
5.5 Mark Twains Style
Chapter Five Twentieth Century Literature
Reference Books and Resources~