电力系统同步相量测量技术及应用_张道农,于跃海_9787519813734

近年来，电力系统广域测量技术在国内外得到迅速发展，它是电力调度自动化领域继数据采集和控制系统与能量管理系统之后的又一重大技术进展。WAMS技术可以在同一时间参考轴下获得大量电力系统实时动态数据，补充原来SCADA或EMS系统的数据，为电力系统安全稳定运行和控制提供了一条崭新的途径和方法。本书首先介绍了电力系统PMU及WAMS技术的基础理论，其次分别介绍了电网模型参数辩识、电网动态监视、电网动态安全评估、系统在线控制、.PMU及WAMS系统标准、PMU及WAMS技术在电力系统的应用。

电力系统同步相量测量技术，基于同步相量测量装置（PMU）的数据采集，通过广域相量测量系统（WAMS）对电网实施运行监测与控制，补充了电力调度自动化数据采集和控制（SCADA）系统和能量管理系统（EMS）应用的数据类型（实时动态数据），实现了对大规模电力系统的精确控制，提高调度中心监视电网运行的能力，提高了电网的运行可靠性；解决了同步相量测量装置的研发、生产、规划布点与优化等技术问题，接入WAMS，使得WAMS对电网实施精确控制成为可能；近年来，在国内外得到迅速的发展，成为大电网运行监视的重要支撑技术。WAMS 系统由于采用同步相量测量装置（PMU）的数据，实现了广域同步、快速采样的数据更真实地反映了实时运行的电力系统，为电力系统安全稳定运行监测和控制提供了新的决策依据，被广泛应用于解决电网低频振荡在线分析、识别振荡源、识别振荡助推源等的应用场合，是电力系统自动化解决电网稳定问题新的前沿技术之一。目前我国电力调度系统中，省局以上调度中心均建设了WAMS 主站系统，大部分220kV以上电压等级的变电站和电厂都安装了PMU装置，积累了大量的实践数据和经验，WAMS和PMU技术还在不断的发展中，未来WAMS系统将与调度主站系统、故障信息系统融合，成为全面监视电网运行状态及数据的工具。《电力系统同步相量测量技术及应用》系统地论述了PMU技术、WAMS技术、电网实时监测技术及相关典型的工程应用。第1章绪论，描述了同步相量测量技术发展历程及现状，支撑同步相量测量技术的时间同步技术，及全书各章的内容。第2章相量测量技术，论述了相量表示、测量算法及提高测量精度的方法。第3章广域相量测量系统子站，论述了子站系统的结构、设备、功能、布点优化与工程实施。第4章广域相量测量主站，论述主站系统的架构、前置通信、时间序列数据库、及各类应用功能。第5章广域相量测量系统通信协议，论述了主站与子站之间、子站与站内监控系统的通信方式、通信规约。第6章电网模型参数辨识，论述了基于WAMS的电网建模，及输电线、发电机、变压器、负荷的参数模型辨识方法。第7章电网动态安全评估，论述了电网电压稳定、功角稳定、及动态安全综合评估方法。第8章广域相量测量系统实时监测与分析，论述了低频振荡监视、在线扰动识别、混合状态估计等方法，及同步相量测量装置在风电场监控、配网故障识别中的应用。第9章广域后备保护与在线控制，论述了基于PMU的广域后备保护系统、广域阻尼控制、直流协调阻尼控制、暂态稳定预测与控制、风电场功率控制、及技术展望。第十章一致性测试与验证，论述了WAMS主站功能测试、子站功能测试、通信协议一致性测试技术，并介绍了同步相量测量技术专用的PMU测试仪。为方便热爱同步相量测量技术的人员了解技术的国内外发展现状，出版社组织编写和出版该专著，该书编写人员都是WAMS和PMU技术的国内该领域的专家，有扎实的理论基础和丰富的实践经验，同时也是该技术领域的国家标准和行业标准的主要起草人，与国内外同行保持着广泛的技术交流与合作。该书内容完整，条理清楚，技术全面；兼具理论参考价值与工程实践价值，即可作为电力系统自动化专业高校师生的参考书，也可为电力系统自动化专业的科研人员、技术管理人员、规划设计人员、运维人员、检测人员提供参考。编者对关注本书出版的国网电力科学研究院原副总工程师、全国电力系统管理及其信息交换标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC 82）原主任委员刘国定先生和中国电力科学研究院厂站自动化及远动室原主任、SAC/TC82委员、中国电机工程学会电力系统自动化专业委员会远动及厂站自动化专业副主任陆天健先生表示感谢！最后，欢迎读者对本书的疏漏之处给予批评指正！编者

前言第1 章绪论 ···················································································· 11.1 相量测量技术发展历程 ··························································· 11.2 国内外相量测量技术应用现状 ·················································· 41.3 时间同步与授时技术 ······························································ 81.4 本书章节内容安排 ································································· 91.5 小结 ·················································································· 12参考文献 ··················································································· 12第2 章相量测量技术 ······································································· 142.1 相量概念及表示方法 ····························································· 142.2 相量测量算法 ······································································ 202.3 频率及频率变化率算法 ·························································· 232.4 功率算法 ············································································ 242.5 提高相量测量精度的方法 ······················································· 262.6 发电机功角测量 ··································································· 312.7 次同步振荡成分检测算法 ······················································· 342.8 小结 ·················································································· 37参考文献 ··················································································· 38第3 章广域相量测量系统子站 ··························································· 413.1 子站结构 ············································································ 413.2 子站设备 ············································································ 423.3 子站功能 ············································································ 483.4 子站工程实施 ······································································ 543.5 子站布点优化配置 ································································ 563.6 小结 ·················································································· 64参考文献 ·················································································· 65第4 章广域相量测量系统主站 ·························································· 674.1 主站系统架构 ······································································ 674.2 前置通信系统 ······································································ 724.3 时间序列数据库 ··································································· 774.4 动态信息交换与一体化应用 ···················································· 834.5 主站应用功能 ······································································ 934.6 小结 ················································································· 100参考文献 ················································································· 100第5 章广域相量测量系统通信协议 ··················································· 1025.1 主子站通信规约 ·································································· 1035.2 与站内监控系统通信 ···························································· 1115.3 小结 ················································································· 116参考文献 ················································································· 117第6 章电网模型参数辨识 ······························································· 1186.1 基于WAMS 的电网建模及参数辨识 ········································ 1186.2 输电线路参数辨识 ······························································· 1206.3 变压器参数辨识 ·································································· 1266.4 发电机参数辨识 ·································································· 1286.5 负荷参数辨识 ····································································· 1346.6 小结 ················································································· 136参考文献 ················································································· 137第7 章电网动态安全评估 ······························································· 1397.1 电压稳定评估 ····································································· 1397.2 电网功角稳定评估 ······························································· 1447.3 电网动态安全综合评估 ························································· 1627.4 小结 ················································································· 173参考文献 ················································································· 173第8 章广域相量测量系统实时监视与分析 ·········································· 1788.1 低频振荡监视 ····································································· 1788.2 在线扰动识别 ···································································· 1888.3 基于PMU 数据的混合状态估计 ············································· 1928.4 PMU 在风电场监控中的应用 ················································· 1988.5 基于PMU 的配电网故障定位技术 ·········································· 2038.6 小结 ················································································ 214参考文献 ················································································· 215第9 章广域后备保护与在线控制 ······················································ 2179.1 广域后备保护系统 ······························································ 2179.2 基于广域电力系统稳定器（PSS）的阻尼控制 ··························· 2259.3 广域直流协调阻尼控制系统 ·················································· 2339.4 暂态稳定预测与控制 ··························································· 2399.5 基于PMU 的风电场功率控制系统 ·········································· 2449.6 技术展望 ·········································································· 2499.7 小结 ················································································ 250参考文献 ················································································· 250第10 章一致性测试与验证 ····························································· 25310.1 主站功能测试 ··································································· 25310.2 子站功能测试 ··································································· 26310.3 通信协议一致性测试 ·························································· 28510.4 PMU 测试仪 ···································································· 29010.5 小结 ··············································································· 294参考文献 ················································································· 294索引 ····························································································· 295

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电力系统同步相量测量技术及应用

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